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   Thursday, September 6, 2007

As you get ready to pass the CCNA or CCNP exams, you can feel quite a bit of stress as you enter your last week of study. Let's take a look at a few ways to reduce that stress.
1. Do not stay up late cramming. The CCNA and CCNP are not exams you're going to pass by cramming. "Cramming" is a study technique best left behind in junior high school. The CCNA can't be passed by memorization - you've got to know how Cisco technologies work. That leads us to the second point...
2. Get lots of rest. By far, this is the most overlooked factor on exam day. The CCNA and CCNP exams are going to demand your best. You're going to be performing subnetting, binary and hex conversions, analyzing network diagrams for troubleshooting, and much more. You've got to be mentally sharp. You can add 100 points to your exam score just by showing up well-rested. And let's be realistic - if you don't know something at 11 PM the night before your exam, you're not going to learn it overnight. Get some sleep!
3. Get everything together the night before the exam. You don't want to be running around the house the morning of the exam looking for your keys. Make sure you have your keys and your ID the night before the exam.
4. Know where the testing center is. If you've never been to the center you'll be passing the CCNA in before, go there before the morning of the exam. Do not rely on Mapquest or a friend's directions. You don't want to be late for your exam.
5. Allow for traffic. Many CCNA and CCNP candidates prefer to take their exams in the morning. Again, if you haven't been to the exam center before, you should drive there during morning rush hour traffic before your exam date to make sure you have enough time to get there. You don't want to be sitting in traffic when you should be sitting in the exam room!


Wireless Home Networking - What You Should Know
Are you suffering from home wireless networking nightmare? There are so many options. 802.11a, 802.11b, 802.11g – what is all that? All you want is to get online on your notebook computer in your living room without tripping over wires.
First thing you should know is, all of them will get you online or network your computers together. The difference lies in speed, connection quality and more important today, security.
802.11a offers one of the fastest wireless home networking speeds because it runs on a much higher frequency that few other home electronics like phones and microwaves can interfere with. It can also accommodate more computers connected simultaneously – which is why more businesses use it since it's unlikely a typical wireless home networking setup requires so many connections. So this sounds like the perfect solution right?
Yes and no. The high frequency apparently is its worst feature as well. Many experts will tell you higher frequencies are easily absorbed and result in shorter ranges. It also means it's less able to overcome obstructions like walls.
That's not all. 802.11a and 802.11b are two separate frequencies so if you have a notebook computer capable of connecting to only 802.11a networks, it won't work in a 802.11b setup and vice versa. But, this is probably one of your least worries because many wireless connectivity hardware today are capable of connecting to either one.
802.11b uses a lower frequency. So that expands the connection range but that also means it shares the airspace with other electronics and will likely experience much more interference. On top of that, experts advise that 802.11b networks are weaker when it comes to encryption and security. Also, as you expand your range, you're also more prone to people trying to crack into your network from further away and more concealed places. That's certainly an interesting point.
Finally, but definitely not lastly (there are many more 802.11 variations than presented here), is 802.11g. This is somewhat of a hybrid of the two earlier standards. First it uses the same frequency as 802.11b so, you get the benefit of a wider range. Secondly it's capable of much faster speeds like 802.11a. The third plus is it's also compatible with 802.11b networks. So you don't have to get new hardware to make connections with an older network or newer network (depending what you have currently). And, since it's a newer standard, encryption is also better, and that means you can better secure your home network.
However, 802.11g wireless home networking hardware still costs more to set up than 802.11a but considering the many plusses it has going for it, this is at time of writing the best choice for your wireless home networking setup. Besides, there are plenty specials going on, prices are coming down rather rapidly for both routers and network cards.
About The Author:
Lynn Chan simplifies computing and computer care issues for new notebook computer owners. Protect your investment with a free tutorial at http://www.notebook-computer-infocenter.com/5days-to-a-healthier-notebook.html


Do You Have An Evil Twin?
What you don't know can hurt you. Next time you connect to one of them, be very observant you're connecting to a legitimate one and not an evil twin.
What is an evil twin?
They are fake Internet gateways posing as a legitimate wifi hotspots. Supposing you visit the local Internet cafe who has a paid hotspot. You boot up your notebook computer, your wifi connection software seeks out available networks and gives you an option of two (maybe more) networks you can get online with. One of them is from the Internet cafe, but wait. You see one that says "Free Wifi courtesy of Wifi Hotspots Nation" or whatever. Everyone loves a deal, who do you get on with? If you chose the one from Wifi Hotspots Nation, then you may have connected to the Internet on the Evil Twin's network. Note Wifi Hotspots Nation is a fictitious name I created but that is the irony. An evil twin usually operates using a fictitious or deceptive name that's always changing. Since there is no authority governing the names of wifi hotspots, there is nowhere you go to check up on their legitimacy.
Wifi hotspots networks are like doors. In one place (hotspot) you can have many doors. Through one door, you can enter a solid brick room and do what you like since no one is watching you. Through another, you enter into a room with a two-way mirror where someone is watching and recording your activity quietly without you knowing. Both doors are marked in a way you think you're going to the same place but in reality you're not. One of them is really an evil twin; A wolf in sheep's clothing.
Enough about doors and sheep, what does this mean to you? I think you're smart enough to figure it out by now. By connecting to the evil twin, it's easy for the people running it to capture any information you're entering onto websites or even snoop around in your computer and private files. And while they're there, why not drop some kind of malicious software that'll run in the background you'll never even know was there. Who knows that they do.
Aren't these fake wifi hotspots easy to detect?
If you're the owner of the legitimate wifi hotspot, you can tell which network belongs to you or not but not to the average user because they aren't visible and it's very easy to setup wifi hotspots. You and I can do it. There are no alerts and sadly, often the people who work at these hotspots aren't knowledgeable enough to warn you either. The person sitting next to you whom you think is doing work online could be operating an evil twin, or they could be one of those duped by one.
What do you do?
In an ideal world, don't connect to wifi hotspots networks or don't get on a public wifi at all. If you absolutely must get an Internet fix, don't conduct online transactions like buying stuff, logging into your online bank or any place you'd be asked for sensitive information.
Next, disable all kinds of file or print sharing. If using WindowsXP operating system, go to Start, Control Panel and then Network Connections. Right click on the Internet connection or the Network connection and select Properties. In the General tab, locate and uncheck File and Printer Sharing. Click apply.
If you set up your notebook computer to connect automatically whenever a network is found, you'd want to disable that or change it to manual connection.
Make sure your firewall is turned on and any antivirus software is up to date.
As a good practice, if you have any sensitive files or information on your computer, consider putting them into one or several dedicated folders and then securing those folders by making them private. In WindowsXP, select the folder in question, right click on it and select properties. In the sharing tab, locate and check "Make this folder private".
These suggestions aren't fool proof but can help put stumbling blocks in an offender's path. The best protection is still being knowlegeable about wifi hotspots networks and not to connect to a suspicious network. And if you're in doubt, don't connect at all.
Sidenote: Similarly, if your neighbour offers their wifi network for you to use, make sure this is someone whom you trust.
About The Author:
Lynn Chan simplifies computing and computer care issues for new notebook computer owners. Start protecting your investment, with a free tutorial available at http://www.notebook-computer-infocenter.com/5days-to-a-healthier-notebook.html